Mars Decimal Time
1 sol = 1000 beats. A Mars day is 24h 39m 35s — divided into 1000 beats of 88.78 Earth seconds each. @000 = midnight, @500 = solar noon. No hours, no minutes, no ambiguity.
16 phases per year. The Mars year (~668.6 sols) is divided into 16 phases of 22.5° areocentric solar longitude (Ls). Year starts at Ls 270° (northern winter solstice).
Notation: y0-s042@417.23+0 —
year 0 (pre-epoch), sol 42, beat 417.23, meridian offset +0.
Reads big-to-small.
Algorithm: Allison & McEwen (2000), "A post-Pathfinder evaluation of areocentric solar coordinates." Planet. Space Sci., 48, 215-235. Implementation follows NASA GISS Mars24.